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We spent most of 2011 on 12-month placements organised through Voluntary Services Overseas, the world's leading independent, international development charity.

Jo supported fundraising strategies of the African Braille Centre, bringing in many, many dollars along the way, while Gareth helped a growing, dynamic charity (http://www.andy.or.ke) supporting young Kenyans with disabilities to take control of their own lives become a respected, national voice in the disability movement.

This blog was part postcard home, part document of the VSO experience for any prospective volunteers, and now occasional home for any leftovers form our time out there - connections to Kenya, to disability, or to our partner organisations.

Wednesday 14 September 2011

‘Why are you all so obsessed with race?’

A (black) Kenyan friend asked me this question on Friday evening as we were having another conversation about being treated differently in Kenya due to the colour of our skin. It was perplexing that he should ask this question at this time, given what had just transpired. We were a mixed group in a not at all mixed bar in the centre of Nairobi. Just like the people who can’t contain themselves and have to shout ‘mzungu/whiteman/taxi’ as they pass you on the street, so the compere of the evening could not ignore our presence, promptly taking to his microphone to trot out the same tired theme which rears its head seemingly every time a white woman is in a room with Kenyan men. ‘If you are dancing next to a white girl, make sure you get their number because then you can f**K them and produce little Obamas’. He then proceeded to lead many men in a rehearsal of the line ‘can I have your number?’, before telling what I assume was a joke: ‘In Holland, men let their dogs lie in their bed while they f**k their wives’.
So I responded honestly to my friend: who exactly does he think is obsessed with race? Is it  us who, having consumed more Tusker (and eaten less) than we probably should have, responded by booing, hissing and heckling with the odd ‘booooooooooorrrring!’ Or is it the society that won’t ever let us forget that we’re white? In this instance, even if they thought we should be happy not to be able to sit in a bar without someone making an issue of our skin colour, surely they didn’t think it was acceptable that we should sit there while a group of men were encouraged to try and f**k our wives and girlfriends?
But its probably an idea not to try and take on gender issues at the same time as race.
We knew coming here that being in a minority – however privileged – would potentially be a major culture shock and challenge. And however distasteful and strange I find it, I understand why it is deemed acceptable to behave here in a way that is unimaginable back home. This is a country where tribal affiliation still play a huge role, with stereotypes applied to all members. Often, one is considered  Meru, Akamba, Digo, or (definitely) Mzungu before being Kenyan. It’s not a surprise that the tribal differences which the colonial powers chose to utilize are still so evident nearly half a century after independence.  It’s no wonder that many volunteers find that colleagues, neighbours and local shopkeepers look at us and see the wealth and success of the ex-pats, settlers and honeymooners (not to mention the scantily clad, easy women of the popular soft porn station, MTV). Our neighbours often stare into the flat, and kids will wander in if the door is open, presumably expecting to see evidence of a decadent lifestyle which will blow their minds. They must be very upset to see little more than a fifteenth-hand, falling apart sofa, a water-filter and a coffee table complete with a sticker explaining its heritage: ‘A gift from the American people’.  Don’t worry, Barrack, we’re only borrowing it.
Attitudes in Britain only changed with exposure. But here in Kenya there is incredibly little meaningful mass exposure. White settlers and many of the European ex-pats may as well be living in a totally different country to the majority of black Kenyans. Black and Asian Africans have hardly had the rosiest of relationships across east Africa, but I do not know enough about the current situation to conclude whether things are improving.  Many volunteers report that as our placements come to an end, colleagues are asking for us to leave our possessions; laptops, spectacles, clothes. These aren’t Kenya’s poor; these are middle class people who pay school fees and probably own cars. They just think we have the money to replace them. If just one person believes us as we inform them that these are not items we can afford to replace, then that’s a net improvement in cultural understanding. The perceptions of us and our motherlands are quite incredible. One of my colleagues thought I was lying to him when I told him that there are homeless people in Britain. He was amazed, given that he understands we are ‘paid by the government not to go to work’. Interactions with volunteers and other more representative Europeans must be helping people understand that while we’re all white, there is as much in common between me and most of the white people in Kenya - historically, culturally and certainly financially - as there is between my colleagues and Colonel Gadhaffi. We’re a very diverse bunch, and often come from cultures that respect and appreciate that diversity.
I know that Britain is far from perfect, and how long our culture of (predominantly) racial understanding took to establish. I know that our experiences in Kenya in no way compare to the decades-long struggles of Jewish, Caribbean and Asian communities arriving in an initially hostile, suspicious and outright prejudice country. But I also know that I have come here with an open mind and to try to understand and engage with the culture I am living in. And this cultural exchange is a dialogue, so I have a responsibility to explain to someone why I don’t think its right not to treat me as an individual, to make assumptions about your life because of the colour of your skin, or encourage a room full of drunk men to try and f**k your wife.

6 comments:

  1. A great, but slightly disturbing piece Gaz.
    Do not know if you saw but Kelis, famous African American singer, came to the UK recently and was racially abused by a guy at the airport and nobody batted an eyelid and the guy behind the check-in desk shock his head and laughed..... Although slightly different to Nairobi I guess, but just shows where the UK is at.
    Also I wonder if the drunken men leering over a white women in Kenya is so far detached from a bunch of drunken men in the UK cheering and making lude comments at women in the pub or in the street. Or even the stereotypical builders wolf whistling at the girl walking down the road.
    Thanks for the great blog Gaz. Keep safe and see you soon!

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  2. Kelis with the milkshake? That's shocking to here. There is a danger we are romanticising the UK as we've been here so (too) long. I'll make sure i continue to observe and report back honestly when we get back. I think the leering is distinct, because it is only white women in the room who receive the treatment. Thanks for the contribution.
    And as a disclaimer, I am not comparing white kenyans etc to the despotic Libyan leader - merely using him to illustrate a large difference between us, rather than suggesting they are equally placed on the behaviour spectrum.

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  3. Very brave post Gareth and respect your honest views.

    It's not good to be judged by the colour of your skin and the comments in the bar, well I think most Kenyans would see those as unacceptable.

    But my personal feeling from experiencing similar things is that I just have to suck it up and try the best I can to ignore it. It's nothing compared to what Kenyans and the rest of sub-Saharan Africa have been subjected to in forms of colonial and neo-colonialism.

    Interesting thing about the kids that come in and look at your flat, and see the USAID sticker on the table. The presence of USAID signs across Kenya, as well as all the other donors, surely only reminds Kenyans of the unequal relations between the West and the rest.

    As for the middle class in Kenya - My understanding is their situation is rather more precarious than the houses and cars they have seem to suggest. Economic growth in Kenya has gone up and down since independence, and bring on another bout of violence, or a hit to tourism (as the latest kidnapping might cause), or withdrawal of donor funds, and the middle class might not be so comfortable.

    At the end of the day, while we might not be able to afford to lose our laptops etc, we do go to nice bars, restaurants and shop in supermarkets in Kenya, fly home occasionally to see family, and if it all goes wrong in our lives, we still have some form of welfare back in the UK.

    Another final thing is that I think us wazungu feel rather uncomfortable when asked for things from others. But this is a very normal part of Kenya where one generally has an obligation to help others. And equally, in my experience, saying no to some people has never affected my relationship with them.

    Those are just my personal thoughts, and thanks for raising some obviously very important issues.

    Tom (Newmark)

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  4. Thanks for responding and offering another perspective, Tom, especially as I know that my both view of Kenya and interaction with other cultures are far narrower than your experiences. Didn't feel brave, but felt it necessary to write in order to process how this makes me feel. I know that blogs as therapy are not entertaining, but at least this one has provoked a reaction of sorts!
    I don't feel like a victim, I just despair of any situation whereby an assumption is made about any aspect of your life - be it personality, wealth, occupation, level of promiscuity - based on skin colour, nationality or any other such crude 'common' characteristic. While it is always worth taking time to understand and reflect on it, I don't think its right to ignore it completely. Ever since seeing members of and friends of my family challenging the NF as they distributed literature outside Elland Road in the 80s, and seeing how attitudes and behaviour changed within a decade as more and more people stood up to both the vicious and casual racism and anti-semiticism at the ground, I've always felt it far more constructive to challenge such attitudes in any walk of life. If I am to say 'Its ok for someone to assume things about me because their ancestors were treated far worse during colonial times', I am both a) accepting that there is a link between me and colonialism, and I shed that false guilt a long time ago, and b) failing to engender a greater understanding between people who are living and working together. It would be like accepting that its ok for black British people to call me honky because they or their parents had monkey noises shouted at them.
    And I understand that there is a strong culture here which places expectation on sharing wealth. But in the circles I am living and working in, this seems to be limited to family life, and I'd be very surprised if our bosses were subject to requests from colleagues to give away their laptops.If it was a universal behaviour, my feelings and my posts would be very different.
    Again, as a disclaimer, I'm not comparing the experiences of black migrants to Britain or the targets of Leeds' NF in the 80s - I am simply trying to explain why I think that trying to communicate is far better than ignoring the situation. In the future, however, I shan't be doing it in the same manner i described in the bar!
    My next post will be about the church's role in Kenya - another subject I feel a little vulnerable writing about.

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  5. Thanks Gareth and you made me think a bit more what the difference is. I take your point about not ignoring it, but for me, the situation you describe is not that big an issue. I suppose I revise what I originally said about it being in important topic - maybe its really not.

    Far more of an issue is still the stereotypes that the West have of Africa, because I think these have a bigger impact on people's material lives.

    And I'd say though that while challenging racism is obviously a good idea, I'd be wary about saying that what happened was racism. Its stereotyping and its offensive, but for me racism is something a lot more about structural inequalities based on race.

    In Britain, there are still obviously economic and social structural differences between the races (Black boys do worse in school), but they are British nonetheless. Kenya is different, the wazungu are not only white but we're foreign as well (apart from the KCs and that's a different story). And we represent a form of neo-colonialism, in that major decisions about domestic policy are still made by outside agencies (e.g. structural adjustment).

    So, while I agree that I wouldn't accept being called "honky nose" by a black British whose parent had monkey noises shouted at them, I think we should be careful about not comparing two very different contexts.

    I do take your point about finding a constructive way to challenge stereotypes about wazungu, but maybe I find it less of a priority. The latest headlines from the Daily Mail, which is one of the most widely read in the UK, just published an article about Kenya with the headline "Kenya is a treacherous place and its getting worse". Things like this could have a big impact on tourism and potentially be very harmful to Kenya's economy.

    But all said, I think its important to discuss these things even if we disagree about their importance. I realise I am often quite politically correct about these things, but a bit too far.

    Tom

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  6. Stereotyping whoever it is directed at is never a good thing. We are all individuals not a colour, religion, gender, ethnic group or whatever.

    As a white woman living in Kenya I tire of the comments about how I am or should be as a woman. The assumptions about me as a muzungu are also irritating. I totaly agree that the problem is just as bad for other ethnic groups. If I were Kukukyu would I be more likely to drive a pick up and to steal money if I'm Luo do I always have to say 'I am opposite the Hilton' rather than outside Kencom.

    Stereotypes about Africa in Europe are bad too. The Daily Mail is an terrible paper that increases hatred and fear.

    I try to correct assumptions about Europe too. Today the matatu guy asked for my number and when I refused he asked if I knew any other white women who might take him to their country where he would be able to get a job, make money and have oportunities. I told him my Swedish friend married a Kenyan guy and they have been living in London for one and a half years and he can't get a job. I told him he is probably better off in Nairobi. I doubt he believed me.

    Yes many decisions on domestic policy are made by outside agencies but that shouldn't relate to perceptions of white women in a bar in central Nairobi. To me those comments were just rude.

    I had a guy tell me I should stay in my own country once when I was on my way to work. I was shocked. This I think was racism even if I'm white. I don't think shouts of Muzungu in the street are with mal intent.

    On the positive side Most Kenyans are pleasant and hospitable and go out of their way to welcome you.

    Julie

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